Concrete, Masonry Construction, and Formwork

This section sets forth the requirements for concrete, masonry construction, and
formwork. It specifically addresses plant and equipment, concrete conveyance
systems, reinforcing steel, surface preparation, formwork and falsework, vertical
shoring, tubular welded frame shoring, tube and coupler shoring, single-post
shores, vertical slip forms, releasing and moving forms, precast concrete, lift-slab,
and masonry construction.

Plant and Equipment

General. Design, operate, and maintain all equipment, facilities, and
formwork for concrete and masonry construction according to the
requirements of this section, other applicable parts of these standards, the
subsection, “Other Mechanized Construction Equipment,” and the current
edition of ANSI A10.9, “Construction and Demolition Operations—Concrete
and Masonry Work.”

Batching and Screening Plants. Design and construct concrete
batching and screening plants, aggregate production plants, hoppers, bins,
silos, and related equipment with an adequate safety factor to prevent
structural failure or collapse. Refer to the subsection, “Other Mechanized
Construction Equipment” for certification requirements. Design and equip
batching plants, aggregate plants, and conveyor systems with mechanical dust
control systems and water spray systems (or other acceptable means) to keep
airborne dust concentrations within acceptable exposure limits. Comply with
permit-required confined space and hazardous energy control procedures
when entering silos, storage bins, tunnels, shafts, or similar enclosed areas.

Bulk Storage Bins. Bulk storage bins, containers, and silos must have
conical or tapered bottoms and be able to start material flow mechanically or
pneumatically.

Loading Skips. Install protective guardrails on each side of loading
skips if loading skips are one cubic yard or larger. Equip loading skips with a
mechanical device to clear the skip of material.

Bull Floats. Where bull float handles may contact energized electrical

conductors, establish a hazardous energy control clearance and lock out the
power to those conductors.

Powered Concrete Trowels. Equip manually guided powered and
rotating concrete troweling machines with a control switch or positive
mechanical release device that automatically stops trowel rotation when the
operator releases the equipment handle.